PVV1-1X/018RA15UMB德國力士樂葉片泵
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單作用葉片泵的工作原理
泵由轉子1、定子2、葉片3、配油盤和端蓋等部件所組成。定子的內表面是圓柱形孔。轉子和定子之間存在著偏心。葉片在轉子的槽內可靈活滑動,在轉子轉動時的離心力以及通入葉片根部壓力油的作用下,葉片頂部貼緊在定子內表面上,于是兩相鄰葉片、配油盤、定子和轉子間便形成了一個個密封的工作腔。當轉子按逆時針方向旋轉時,圖右側的葉片向外伸出,密封工作腔容積逐漸加大,產生真空,于是通過吸油口6和配油盤5上窗口將油吸入。而在圖的左側。葉片往里縮進,密封腔的容積逐漸縮小,密封腔中的油液經配油盤另一窗口和壓油口1被壓出而輸出到系統(tǒng)中去。這種泵在轉子轉一轉過程中,吸油壓油各一次,故稱單作用泵。轉子受到徑向液壓不平衡作用力,故又稱非平衡式泵,其軸承負載較大。改變定子和轉子間的偏心量,便可改變泵的排量,故這種泵都是變量泵。
二、雙作用葉片泵的工作原理
它的作用原理和單作用葉片泵相似,不同之處只在于定子表面是由兩段長半徑圓弧、兩段短半徑圓弧和四段過渡曲線八個部分組成,且定子和轉子是同心的。在圖示轉子順時針方向旋轉的情況下,密封工作腔的容積在左上角和右下角處逐漸加大,為吸油區(qū),在左下角和右上角處逐漸減小,為壓油區(qū);吸油區(qū)和壓油區(qū)之間有一段封油區(qū)把它們隔開。這種泵的轉子每轉一轉,每個密封工作腔完成吸油和壓油動作各兩次,所以稱為雙作用葉片泵。泵的兩個吸油區(qū)和兩個壓油區(qū)是徑向對稱的,作用在轉子上的液壓力徑向平衡,所以又稱為平衡式葉片泵。
雙作用葉片泵的瞬時流量是脈動的,當葉片數(shù)為4的倍數(shù)時脈動率小。為此,雙作用葉片泵的葉片數(shù)一般都取12或16。
注意事項編輯
葉片泵的管理要點除需防干轉和過載、防吸入空氣和吸入真空度過大外,還應注意:
1.泵轉向改變,則其吸排方向也改變葉片泵都有規(guī)定的轉向,不允許反。因為轉子葉槽有傾斜,葉片有倒角,葉片底部與排油腔通,配油盤上的節(jié)流槽和吸、排口是按既定轉向設計?赡孓D的葉片泵必須專門設計。2.葉片泵裝配 配油盤與定子用定位銷正確定位,葉片、轉子、配油盤都不得裝反,定子內表面吸入區(qū)部分較易磨損,必要時可將其翻轉安裝,以使原吸入區(qū)變?yōu)榕懦鰠^(qū)而繼續(xù)使用。3.拆裝 注意工作表面清潔,工作時油液應很好過濾。4. 葉片在葉槽中的間隙太大會使漏泄增加,太小則葉片不能自由伸縮,會導致工作失常。5.葉片泵的軸向間隙 對ηv影響很大。1)小型泵-0.015~0.03mm2)中型泵-0.02~0.045mm6.油液的溫度和粘度 一般不宜超過55℃,粘度要求在17~37mm2/s之間。粘度太大則吸油困難;粘度太小則漏泄嚴重。作為泵產品,葉片泵更多地指滑片泵。葉片泵幾乎全部指滑片泵。
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